AMA (American Medical Association) Citation Guide
Introduction
This guide is based on the American Medical Association Manual of Style, 9th edition. 2003. Examples are shown for books, articles, and online resources.
• Items are listed numerically in the order they are cited in the text.
• If you are using a typewriter and cannot use italics , then use underlining.
• Authors: use initials of first and second names with no spaces. Include up to six authors. If there are more than six, include the first three, followed by et al. If no author is given, start with the title.
• Books: include the edition statement (ex: 3rd ed. or Rev ed.) between the title and place if it is not the first edition.
• Place: use abbreviations of states, not postal codes.
• Journals: abbreviate titles as shown in Index Medicus. If the journal does not paginate continuously through the volume, include the month (and day).
• Websites: include the name of the webpage, the name of the entire website, the full date of the page (if available), and the date you looked at it.
In-Text Examples:
Diabetes mellitus is associated with a high risk of foot ulcers.1-3
Several interventions have been successful at increasing compliance.11,14-16
The data of Smith et al 18 is further evidence of this effect.
Bibliography Examples:
Journal article (1-6 authors):
Hu P, Reuben DB. Effects of managed care on the length of time that elderly patients spend with physicians during ambulatory visits. Med Care. 2002;40:606-613.
Journal article with more than six authors:
Geller AC, Venna S, Prout M, et al. Should the skin cancer examination be taught in medical school? Arch Dermatol. 2002;138:1201-1203.
For more authors, use: (Leakey et al.)
Entire Book:
McKenzie BC. Medicine and the Internet: Introducing Online Resources and Terminology. 2nd ed. New York, NY: Oxford University Press; 1997
Book Chapter:
Guyton JL, Crockarell JR. Fractures of acetabulum and pelvis. In: Canale ST, ed. Campbell's Operative Orthopaedics. 10th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Mosby, Inc; 2003:2939-2984.
Electronic Journal Article:
Hu P, Reuben DB. Effects of managed care on the length of time that elderly patients spend with physicians during ambulatory visits. Med Care [serial online]. 2002;40:606-613. Available at: http://ipsapp003.lwwonline.com/ips/frames/toc.asp?J=2740&I=21. Accessed March 3, 2003.
Electronic Book:
Rudolph CD, Rudolph AM. Rudolph's Pediatrics. 21st ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Companies; 2002. Available from STAT!Ref. Accessed March 3, 2003.
Internet Document:
American Cancer Society. Cancer Facts & Figures 2003. Available at:
http://www.cancer.org/downloads/STT/CAFF2003PWSecured.pdf. Accessed March 3, 2003.
